Preliminary considerations for welding robots

Jun 19,2023

　　Welding robots were first only applied in spot welding. In the early 1980s, with the development of computer technology and sensor technology, arc welding robots gradually became popular. Especially in the past decade, due to the rapid development of the global economy and fierce market competition, welding automation machines used for medium and large batch production can no longer adapt to small-scale and multi variety production modes and are gradually replaced by flexible welding robots, Welding robot has been greatly developed. Welding has become one of the application fields of Robotic arm. Welding robot has been widely used in automobile, motorcycle, engineering machinery and other fields. Currently, among the over 800000 industrial robots in the world, over 40% of them are used for welding.

　　So what are the main considerations when we weld with Robot welding? Welding of steel structure accessories

　　1. Teaching assignments must be conducted

　　Before the robot performs automatic welding, the operator must teach the robot the trajectory of the welding gun and set welding conditions. Due to the need for teaching, robots are not suitable for welding products with multiple varieties and small quantities of production.

　　2. It is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece

　　Robots have no eyes and can only repeat the same actions. The trajectory accuracy of the robot is ± 0.1mm, and the same action is repeated with this accuracy. When the welding deviation is greater than the welding wire radius, there is a possibility of poor welding, so the workpiece accuracy should be maintained within the welding wire radius.

　　3. The setting of welding conditions depends on the technical level of the teaching operators

　　When teaching, operators must input welding procedures, welding gun posture and angle, current, voltage, speed, and other welding conditions. Teaching operators must fully master welding knowledge and skills.

　　4. Full attention must be paid to safety

　　A robot is a high-speed motion device that absolutely does not allow people to approach the robot during its automatic operation (safety barriers must be installed). Operators must receive specialized education in labor safety, otherwise they are not allowed to operate.

　　Performance requirements for arc welding robots

　　In arc welding operations, it is required that the welding gun track the movement of the workpiece weld bead and continuously fill the metal to form the weld seam. Therefore, the stability of speed and track accuracy during the movement process are two important indicators.

　　In general, the welding speed can be 5-50mm/s, and the track accuracy can be ± 0.2-0.5mm. Due to the influence of the posture of the welding gun on the quality of the weld seam, it is hoped that the adjustable range of the welding gun posture can be as large as possible while tracing the weld bead. There are also other performance requirements, such as swing function, interface function of welding sensors (starting point detection, weld seam tracking), and anti-collision function of the welding gun.

　　Setting of welding specifications. Starting and ending arc parameters.

　　Swing function. Setting of swing frequency, swing amplitude, and swing type.

　　Welding sensors. Interface functions for starting point detection and weld seam tracking sensors.

　　Welding gun anti-collision function. When the welding gun is subjected to abnormal resistance, the robot stops to avoid damage to the operator and tools.

　　Multi layer welding function. By applying this function, after the welding teaching of layer * * is completed, the self control of other layers can be achieved

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